Free Agricultural Science Lesson SS1
This Agrictural Science Lesson Note was pulled from our book (Lesson Note on AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE for SS1 MS-WORD); Compiled to serve as reference material to help teachers draw out their lesson plan easier, saving you valuable time to focus on the core job of teaching.
The Lesson notes are based on the current NERDC curriculum (UBE compliant)[/su_note]
This Agricultural Science Lesson Note Covers The Following Topics
- MEANING OF AGRICULTURE
- SUBSISTENCE AND COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE
- PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
- ROLES OF GOVERNMENT AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
- ROLES OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE
- AGRO-ALLIED INDUSTRIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH AGRICULTURE
- AGRICULTURAL LAWS AND REFORMS
- LAND AND ITS USES
- ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
- CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS BASED ON LIFE CYCLE
- FARM TOOLS AND THEIR USES
- FARM POWER
- FARM MECHANIZATION
- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF FARM ANIMALS/THE GUT AND DIGESTION
- REPRODUCTION IN FARM ANIMALS
- ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
- LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT
- CULTURAL PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH CROP PRODUCTION
- HUSBANDRY OF SELECTED CROP (MAIZE)
- AGRICULTURAL ECOLOGY
- ROCK FORMATION
- ROCK WEATHERING
- SOIL FORMATION
- FARM TOOLS AND THEIR USES
- FARM POWER
- FARM MECHANIZATION
- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF FARM ANIMALS/THE GUT AND DIGESTION
- REPRODUCTION IN FARM ANIMALS
- ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
- LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT
Sample note
Week 1
Topic: Meaning of Agriculture
Meaning of Agriculture
The term agriculture is derived from two Latin words ‘ager’ meaning field, and ‘cultural’ meaning cultivation. By this statement, agriculture means field cultivation. However, this is not a complete definition of agriculture since agriculture also has to do with animal production. Agriculture can be defined as the art and science that deals with cultivation of crops and the rearing of animals for man’s use.
Importance of Agriculture to three groups of People
The importance of agriculture can be grouped into three categories:
- To an individual or farmer
- Provision of food
- Provision of materials for shelter
- Provision of materials for clothing
- Employment for the working population
- Generation of income for farmers.
- To the society or community
- Development of towns
- Provision of facilities for recreation and tourism
- Provision of a market for industrial goods
C.To the nation
- Sources of foreign exchange earnings
- Generation of revenues
- Provision of raw materials for industries
Scope or Branches of Agriculture
This simply means areas of specialization in agriculture, which includes the following:
- Animal science / animal production / animal husbandry / animal nutrition
- Veterinary medicine/animal health
- Soil science
- Crop science / agronomy / crop pathology / entomology
- Food science/food technology
- Horticulture
- Forestry and wildlife conservation
- Wildlife and eco-tourism
- Wood product
- Apiculture (beekeeping)
- Heli-culture (snail farming)
- Fishery
- Agricultural engineering and mechanization
- Agricultural economics and farm management
- Agricultural extension and education
- Agric-business education and farm management
- Agricultural technology
General Importance of Agriculture
For decades, agriculture has been associated with production of essential food crops. At present, agriculture above and beyond farming includes forestry, dairy, fruit cultivation, poultry, bee keeping, mushroom, arbitrary, etc. Today, processing, marketing and distribution of crops and livestock products etc. are all acknowledged as part of current agriculture.Thus, agriculture could be referred to as the production, processing, promotion and distribution agricultural products. Agriculture plays a critical role in the entire life of a given economy. Agriculture is the backbone of economic system of a given country. In addition to providing food and raw material, agriculture also provides employment opportunities to very large percentage of population. Below are the importances of agriculture:
Source of Livelihood
The main source livelihood of many people is agriculture. Approximately 70 % of the people directly rely on agriculture as a mean of living. This high percentage in agriculture is as a result of none development of non-agricultural activities to absorb the fast growing population. However, most people in developed countries do not engage in agriculture.
Contribution to National revenue
Agriculture is the main source of national income for most developing countries. However, for the developed countries, agriculture contributes a smaller per cent age to their national income.
Supply of Food as well as Fodder
Agricultural sector provides fodder for domestic animals .Cow provides people with milk which is a form of protective food. Moreover, livestock also meets people’s food requirements.
Significance to the International Trade
Agricultural products like sugar, tea, rice, spices, tobacco, coffee, etc. constitute the major items of exports of countries that rely on agriculture. If there is smooth development practice of agriculture, imports are reduced while export increases considerably. This helps to reduce the country’s unfavorable balance of payments as well as saving foreign exchange. This amount may be well used to import other essential inputs, machinery, raw material, and other infrastructure that is helpful for the support of the country’s economic development.
Marketable Surplus
The growth of the agricultural sector contributes to a marketable surplus. Many people engage in manufacturing, mining as well as other non-agricultural sector as the nation develops. All these individuals rely on food production that they might meet from the nation’s marketable surplus. As agricultural sector development takes place, production increases and this leads to expansion of marketable surplus. This may be exported to other nations.
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